Pneumonia is a lung infection caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi, primarily affecting the small sir sacs known as alveoli. The most common bacterial type that causes pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae. The symptoms for pneumonia include, fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath and fatigue. To detect whether, a person has pneumonia are blood tests, chest X-ray, pulse oximetry, and Sputum test. Further, if the patients is older than age 65, additional tests are included for detection of pneumonia. For instance, CT scan, Pleural fluid culture.
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The blood tests are used to confirm an infection and to try to identify the type of organism causing the infection, but however precise identification is not always possible through the blood tests. Further, the chest X-ray also helps the doctor to diagnose pneumonia and determine the extent and location of the infection. The chest X-ray can also detect the kind of germ is causing pneumonia. The pulse oximetry test is performed to measure the oxygen level in the blood, as Pneumonia can prevents lungs from moving enough oxygen into the bloodstream. Besides all these test the sputum test is used to analyses or pinpoint the cause of the infection with the sample of fluid from lungs, which is taken after deep cough.
Furthermore, if the pneumonia isn’t clearing as quickly as expected the doctors recommend a chest CT scan to obtain a more detailed image of the lungs. Moreover, if the patients shows serious symptoms or health conditions pleural fluid culture test is carried out where a fluid sample is taken by putting a needle between the ribs from the pleural area to analyze the type of infection.